Jun 22, 2008 pdf download boseeinstein condensation international series of monographs on physics download. Boseeinstein condensation with neutral atoms, there was another possibility. The sudden collapse of bosons into the groundstate at temperatures below the bose temperature is known as boseeinstein condensation. Colorglass condensate, an extreme type of matter theorized to. Fermionic condensate, a substance which occurs at very low temperatures in a system of fermions. A boseeinstein condensate bec is a state of matter which is typically formed when a gas of bosons at low densities is cooled to temperatures very close to.
Wieman led a team of physicists that created a nearly pure condensate by cooling a vapor of rubidium atoms to a temperature of. Boseeinstein condensate bec, a state of matter in which separate atoms or subatomic particles, cooled to near absolute zero 0 k. Boseeinstein condensation of metastable helium atoms. Bose einstein condensate is a rare state or phase of matter in which a large percentage of bosons collapse into their lowest quantum state, allowing quantum effects to be observed on a macroscopic scale. Gluon condensate, a nonperturbative property of the qcd vacuum. Below t c,thecondensatepopula tionvarieswithtemperatureas n0 n 1. Bose einstein condensation with neutral atoms, there was another possibility. Ketterle nobel lecture 2001 and his talk given at mits teachers program 240603. A boseeinstein condensate bec is a state of matter also called the fifth state of matter which is typically formed when a gas of bosons at low densities is cooled to temperatures very close to absolute zero 273. First, evanescent light fields were used to create highly anisotropic potentials. Bose in 1924 predicted a different statistics for the light quanta and derived plancks radiation formula through very simple arguments. This habilitation is devoted to a series of experiments in the context of boseeinstein condensation bec in 2d. Jean dalibard, laboratoire kastler brossel, ecole normale superieure.
This habilitation is devoted to a series of experiments in the context of bose einstein condensation bec in 2d. Its boseeinstein condensate, which is a state of matter made in a scientists laboratory. Introduction to boseeinstein condensation 6 andthecriticaltemperature tc. Boseeinstein condensation in this section we discuss the thermodynamic properties of the ideal bose gas.
Boseeinstein condensation is an exotic quantum phenomenon that was. Dec 01, 2015 this feature is not available right now. These are generated through a dynamical instability of the condensate that crucially depends on the geometry of the stirrer. The sudden collapse of bosons into the groundstate at temperatures below the bose temperature is known as bose einstein condensation. Pdf download boseeinstein condensation international series of monographs on physics download. Boseeinstein condensate is a rare state or phase of matter in which a large percentage of bosons collapse into their lowest quantum state, allowing quantum effects to be observed on a.